Chofunda cha simenti ndi mtundu watsopano wa zinthu zomangira
Kufotokozera Kwachidule:
Makatani ophatikizika ndi simenti ndi mtundu watsopano wazinthu zomangira zomwe zimaphatikiza ukadaulo wamakono wa simenti ndi nsalu. Amapangidwa makamaka ndi simenti yapadera, nsalu zamitundu itatu, ndi zina zowonjezera. Nsalu yamitundu itatu ya ulusi imakhala ngati chimango, ikupereka mawonekedwe oyambira komanso kusinthasintha kwina kwa mphasa wa simenti. Simenti yapaderayi imagawidwa mofanana mkati mwa nsalu za fiber. Mukangokumana ndi madzi, zigawo za simenti zidzakumana ndi hydration, pang'onopang'ono kuumitsa matope a cementitious composite ndikupanga cholimba chofanana ndi konkire. Zowonjezera zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza magwiridwe antchito a cementitious composite mat, monga kusintha nthawi yokhazikitsira komanso kukulitsa kutsekereza madzi.
Makatani ophatikizika ndi simenti ndi mtundu watsopano wazinthu zomangira zomwe zimaphatikiza ukadaulo wamakono wa simenti ndi nsalu. Amapangidwa makamaka ndi simenti yapadera, nsalu zamitundu itatu, ndi zina zowonjezera. Nsalu yamitundu itatu ya ulusi imakhala ngati chimango, ikupereka mawonekedwe oyambira komanso kusinthasintha kwina kwa mphasa wa simenti. Simenti yapaderayi imagawidwa mofanana mkati mwa nsalu za fiber. Mukangokumana ndi madzi, zigawo za simenti zidzakumana ndi hydration, pang'onopang'ono kuumitsa matope a cementitious composite ndikupanga cholimba chofanana ndi konkire. Zowonjezera zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza magwiridwe antchito a cementitious composite mat, monga kusintha nthawi yokhazikitsira komanso kukulitsa kutsekereza madzi.
- Zamalonda
- Kusinthasintha Kwabwino: Pamalo ake owuma musanakhudze madzi, mphasa ya simenti imakhala ngati bulangeti wamba. Itha kukulungidwa, kupindidwa, kapena kudula, zomwe zimathandizira mayendedwe ndi kusunga. Kusinthasintha kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti igwirizane ndi malo osiyanasiyana ovuta komanso malo omangira osakhazikika. Mwachitsanzo, m'mapulojekiti ena ang'onoang'ono osungira madzi m'madera amapiri, mphasa ya simenti imatha kuyalidwa m'mphepete mwa ngalande zokhotakhota mosavuta, popanda kufunikira kokhazikika ngati konkire yachikhalidwe.
- Kumanga Kosavuta: Ntchito yomanga ndi yosavuta komanso yachangu. Zomwe muyenera kuchita ndikuyala mphasa ya simenti pamalo ofunikira ndikuthirira. Pambuyo kuthirira, mphasa yopangidwa ndi simenti imalimba pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi (nthawi zambiri kutengera momwe zinthu zilili komanso momwe chilengedwe chimakhalira, nthawi zambiri mkati mwa maola ochepa). Poyerekeza ndi zomangamanga zachikhalidwe za konkire, izi zimachepetsa kwambiri njira zovuta monga kusakaniza ndi kuthira, ndipo sizifuna zipangizo zazikulu zomangira, motero kuchepetsa zovuta ndi mtengo wa zomangamanga.
- Kukhazikitsa Mwachangu: Mukangokumana ndi madzi, mphasa ya simenti imatha kukhazikika mwachangu ndikupanga mawonekedwe ndi mphamvu inayake. Nthawi yokhazikitsa ingasinthidwe pogwiritsa ntchito zowonjezera kuti zikwaniritse zosowa zama projekiti osiyanasiyana. M'machitidwe ena okonzekera mwadzidzidzi, monga kukonza misewu ndi kulimbitsa madamu kwakanthawi, chikhalidwe ichi chokhazikika mwachangu chingathe kugwira ntchito yayikulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti polojekitiyi ibwezeretse ntchito zake zoyambira munthawi yochepa.
- Kutsekereza Madzi Kwabwino: Popeza chigawo chake chachikulu chimaphatikizapo simenti, mphasa yolimba ya simenti imakhala ndi ntchito yabwino yosalowa madzi. Ikhoza kuteteza bwino kulowa kwa madzi ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga ngalande m'mapulojekiti osungira madzi, kutsekereza madzi pansi pa maiwe, ndi zina zotero. Kuphatikiza apo, mateti ena opangidwa mwapadera ndi simenti amatha kugwira bwino ntchito yosalowa madzi ndipo amatha kupirira kuchuluka kwa madzi.
- Magawo Ofunsira
- Ntchito Zosunga Madzi: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga ndi kukonza ngalande, zotengera madzi, madamu ang'onoang'ono, maiwe, ndi malo ena osungira madzi. Mwachitsanzo, pofuna kukonza ngalande zakale zotayikira, mphasa ya simenti imatha kuyalidwa pakhoma lamkati la ngalandeyo. Pambuyo kuthirira ndi kuumitsa, mzere watsopano wotsutsa-seepage udzapangidwa, womwe ukhoza kupititsa patsogolo kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka madzi mu ngalande ndikuchepetsa kuwononga madzi.
- Ntchito Zamsewu: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza misewu kwakanthawi, kukonza misewu ya kumidzi, komanso kuuma kwa malo oimika magalimoto. Pakakhala maenje kapena zowonongeka zapamsewu pamsewu, matayala a cementitious composite angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zinthu zokonzetsera mwachangu kuti achepetse kukhudzidwa kwa kukonza misewu pamagalimoto. Pomanga misewu yakumidzi, mphasa ya simenti imatha kupereka njira yosavuta komanso yotsika mtengo yowumitsa nthaka.
- Ntchito Zomangamanga: Amagwiritsidwa ntchito poletsa madzi pomanga maziko omanga, kutsekereza madzi m'chipinda chapansi, komanso kuumitsa pansi kwa minda yapadenga. Kutsekereza madzi pozungulira maziko omanga, kungalepheretse madzi apansi kuwononga maziko; m'chipinda chapansi chotchinga madzi, imatha kukulitsa chotchinga chosalowa madzi chapansi; m'minda yapadenga, mphasa wa cementitious composite atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zapansi, kukwaniritsa zofunikira zonse zowumitsa komanso zoletsa madzi.
- Ntchito Zoyang'anira Malo: Amathandizira kuteteza malo otsetsereka m'minda yamaluwa, malo amaluwa, ndi malo oyenda pansi. M'mapulojekiti oteteza malo otsetsereka, mphasa yophatikiza simenti imatha kuletsa kukokoloka kwa nthaka pamalo otsetsereka komanso kuteteza zomera zomwe zili pamtunda; pomanga bedi la maluwa, angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati khoma ndi pansi pa bedi la maluwa, kupereka chithandizo chamakono ndi ntchito zoletsa madzi; m'malo apansi panthaka, mphasa wa simenti amatha kudulidwa ndikuyalidwa molingana ndi kapangidwe kake kuti apange mayendedwe okongola komanso othandiza.
